Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) at 1 μg/ml was markedly toxic to human epidermal cells grown in the Rheinwald-Green 3T3 feeder layer system. At 0.1 μg/ml, the toxicity was barely evident, as assessed by colony expansion during a 2 week exposure, but it was dramatically stimulated by 5 nM 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), which was non-toxic alone. Neither AFB1-dihydrodiol nor AFB2 were toxic in the presence or absence of TCDD, indicating that metabolism to the 8,9-epoxide was responsible for the AFB1 toxicity. Stimulation of AFB1 epoxidation by TCDD was also indicated by the >20-fold increase in DNA adduct formation in cultures exposed to [14C]AFB1 and TCDD for 4 days as compared to AFB1 alone. Analysis of free metabolites in culture medium by reverse-phase HPLC revealed that confluent epidermal cultures metabolized AFB1 to AFM1, AFB2a and aflatoxicol. In the presence of TCDD, the levels of AFM1 were higher (14 versus 3% of dose) as were those of AFB2a (3 versus 0.5% of dose), while aflatoxicol levels were lower (0.8 versus 2% of dose). In the absence of irradiated 3T3, the toxicities of AFB1, AFB2, AFM1 and aflatoxicol to cells in serum-free medium (0.15 mM Ca2+) were similar to those in the feeder layer system. Although this moderately low calcium concentration appeared quite satisfactory for observing toxicity, the response was attenuated at a lower calcium concentration (0.09 mM Ca2+).
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 2029-2033 |
| Number of pages | 5 |
| Journal | Carcinogenesis |
| Volume | 13 |
| Issue number | 11 |
| State | Published - Nov 1992 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Cancer Research
- Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty
- Applied Mathematics
- Physiology (medical)
- Physiology
- Behavioral Neuroscience
Cite this
Aflatoxin toxicity in cultured human epidermal cells : Stimulation by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. / Walsh, Agnes A.; Hsieh, Dennis P H; Rice, Robert H.
In: Carcinogenesis, Vol. 13, No. 11, 11.1992, p. 2029-2033.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Aflatoxin toxicity in cultured human epidermal cells
T2 - Stimulation by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
AU - Walsh, Agnes A.
AU - Hsieh, Dennis P H
AU - Rice, Robert H.
PY - 1992/11
Y1 - 1992/11
N2 - Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) at 1 μg/ml was markedly toxic to human epidermal cells grown in the Rheinwald-Green 3T3 feeder layer system. At 0.1 μg/ml, the toxicity was barely evident, as assessed by colony expansion during a 2 week exposure, but it was dramatically stimulated by 5 nM 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), which was non-toxic alone. Neither AFB1-dihydrodiol nor AFB2 were toxic in the presence or absence of TCDD, indicating that metabolism to the 8,9-epoxide was responsible for the AFB1 toxicity. Stimulation of AFB1 epoxidation by TCDD was also indicated by the >20-fold increase in DNA adduct formation in cultures exposed to [14C]AFB1 and TCDD for 4 days as compared to AFB1 alone. Analysis of free metabolites in culture medium by reverse-phase HPLC revealed that confluent epidermal cultures metabolized AFB1 to AFM1, AFB2a and aflatoxicol. In the presence of TCDD, the levels of AFM1 were higher (14 versus 3% of dose) as were those of AFB2a (3 versus 0.5% of dose), while aflatoxicol levels were lower (0.8 versus 2% of dose). In the absence of irradiated 3T3, the toxicities of AFB1, AFB2, AFM1 and aflatoxicol to cells in serum-free medium (0.15 mM Ca2+) were similar to those in the feeder layer system. Although this moderately low calcium concentration appeared quite satisfactory for observing toxicity, the response was attenuated at a lower calcium concentration (0.09 mM Ca2+).
AB - Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) at 1 μg/ml was markedly toxic to human epidermal cells grown in the Rheinwald-Green 3T3 feeder layer system. At 0.1 μg/ml, the toxicity was barely evident, as assessed by colony expansion during a 2 week exposure, but it was dramatically stimulated by 5 nM 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), which was non-toxic alone. Neither AFB1-dihydrodiol nor AFB2 were toxic in the presence or absence of TCDD, indicating that metabolism to the 8,9-epoxide was responsible for the AFB1 toxicity. Stimulation of AFB1 epoxidation by TCDD was also indicated by the >20-fold increase in DNA adduct formation in cultures exposed to [14C]AFB1 and TCDD for 4 days as compared to AFB1 alone. Analysis of free metabolites in culture medium by reverse-phase HPLC revealed that confluent epidermal cultures metabolized AFB1 to AFM1, AFB2a and aflatoxicol. In the presence of TCDD, the levels of AFM1 were higher (14 versus 3% of dose) as were those of AFB2a (3 versus 0.5% of dose), while aflatoxicol levels were lower (0.8 versus 2% of dose). In the absence of irradiated 3T3, the toxicities of AFB1, AFB2, AFM1 and aflatoxicol to cells in serum-free medium (0.15 mM Ca2+) were similar to those in the feeder layer system. Although this moderately low calcium concentration appeared quite satisfactory for observing toxicity, the response was attenuated at a lower calcium concentration (0.09 mM Ca2+).
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M3 - Article
VL - 13
SP - 2029
EP - 2033
JO - Carcinogenesis
JF - Carcinogenesis
SN - 0143-3334
IS - 11
ER -