Abstract
Objective: Using the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for acute stress disorder, the authors examined whether the acute psychological effects of being a bystander to violence involving mass shootings in an office building predicted later posttraumatic stress symptoms. Method: The participants in this study were 36 employees working in an office building where a gunman shot 14 persons (eight fatally). The acute stress symptoms were assessed within 8 days of the event, and posttraumatic stress symptoms of 32 employees were assessed 7 to 10 months later. Results: According to the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire, 12 (33%) of the employees met criteria for the diagnosis of acute stress disorder. Acute stress symptoms were found to be an excellent predictor of the subjects' posttraumatic stress symptoms 7-10 months after the traumatic event. Conclusions: These results suggest not only that being a bystander to violence is highly stressful in the short run, but that acute stress reactions to such an event further predict later posttraumatic stress symptoms.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 620-624 |
| Number of pages | 5 |
| Journal | American Journal of Psychiatry |
| Volume | 155 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| State | Published - 1998 |
Fingerprint
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Psychiatry and Mental health
Cite this
Acute stress disorder as a predictor of posttraumatic stress symptoms. / Classen, Catherine; Koopman, Cheryl; Hales, Robert; Spiegel, David.
In: American Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 155, No. 5, 1998, p. 620-624.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Acute stress disorder as a predictor of posttraumatic stress symptoms
AU - Classen, Catherine
AU - Koopman, Cheryl
AU - Hales, Robert
AU - Spiegel, David
PY - 1998
Y1 - 1998
N2 - Objective: Using the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for acute stress disorder, the authors examined whether the acute psychological effects of being a bystander to violence involving mass shootings in an office building predicted later posttraumatic stress symptoms. Method: The participants in this study were 36 employees working in an office building where a gunman shot 14 persons (eight fatally). The acute stress symptoms were assessed within 8 days of the event, and posttraumatic stress symptoms of 32 employees were assessed 7 to 10 months later. Results: According to the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire, 12 (33%) of the employees met criteria for the diagnosis of acute stress disorder. Acute stress symptoms were found to be an excellent predictor of the subjects' posttraumatic stress symptoms 7-10 months after the traumatic event. Conclusions: These results suggest not only that being a bystander to violence is highly stressful in the short run, but that acute stress reactions to such an event further predict later posttraumatic stress symptoms.
AB - Objective: Using the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for acute stress disorder, the authors examined whether the acute psychological effects of being a bystander to violence involving mass shootings in an office building predicted later posttraumatic stress symptoms. Method: The participants in this study were 36 employees working in an office building where a gunman shot 14 persons (eight fatally). The acute stress symptoms were assessed within 8 days of the event, and posttraumatic stress symptoms of 32 employees were assessed 7 to 10 months later. Results: According to the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire, 12 (33%) of the employees met criteria for the diagnosis of acute stress disorder. Acute stress symptoms were found to be an excellent predictor of the subjects' posttraumatic stress symptoms 7-10 months after the traumatic event. Conclusions: These results suggest not only that being a bystander to violence is highly stressful in the short run, but that acute stress reactions to such an event further predict later posttraumatic stress symptoms.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0031978811&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0031978811&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
C2 - 9585712
AN - SCOPUS:0031978811
VL - 155
SP - 620
EP - 624
JO - American Journal of Psychiatry
JF - American Journal of Psychiatry
SN - 0002-953X
IS - 5
ER -