Abstract
An abnormally low concentration of zinc in mother's milk has been associated with clinical nutritional zinc deficiency in premature and term newborns. Defective mammary gland secretion of zinc was suggested as the causative factor. We investigated whether low milk zinc concentration might be reflected in an abnormality of the distribution of zinc between casein, whey, and fat components of the milk, in a reduction in the levels of milk citrate, a zinc-binding ligand, or in abnormal levels of copper and iron. Milk from mothers of four low-birth-weight infants was identified as being deficient in zinc content for the lactational stage. One infant had clinical signs of nutritional zinc deficiency. For two of the three infants with subclinical deficiencies in whom balance study data were available, the apparent zinc balance was negative (-5.7 and -6.0 μmol/kg per day). These milks were examined for content and distribution of zinc, copper, and iron, and citrate concentration. Although total zinc concentration (4.5 to 17.2 μmol/L) was below the 95% prediction interval (15.2 to 59.7 μmol/L) for the lactational stage, the distribution of zinc was normal between milk components. Levels of citrate (1.46 to 5.13 mmol/L) were also within normal limits, as were levels of copper (0.27 to 0.85 μmol/L and iron (0.41 to 1.13 μmol/L). We concluded that there was no indirect evidence of a secretory abnormality in milk zinc deficiency, but speculated that there might instead be an abnormality of zinc uptake by the mammary gland from the plasma.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 608-611 |
| Number of pages | 4 |
| Journal | American Journal of Diseases of Children |
| Volume | 143 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| State | Published - 1989 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
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Abnormal zinc content in human milk : Risk for development of nutritional zinc deficiency in infants. / Atkinson, S. A.; Whelan, D.; Whyte, R. K.; Lonnerdal, B.
In: American Journal of Diseases of Children, Vol. 143, No. 5, 1989, p. 608-611.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Abnormal zinc content in human milk
T2 - Risk for development of nutritional zinc deficiency in infants
AU - Atkinson, S. A.
AU - Whelan, D.
AU - Whyte, R. K.
AU - Lonnerdal, B.
PY - 1989
Y1 - 1989
N2 - An abnormally low concentration of zinc in mother's milk has been associated with clinical nutritional zinc deficiency in premature and term newborns. Defective mammary gland secretion of zinc was suggested as the causative factor. We investigated whether low milk zinc concentration might be reflected in an abnormality of the distribution of zinc between casein, whey, and fat components of the milk, in a reduction in the levels of milk citrate, a zinc-binding ligand, or in abnormal levels of copper and iron. Milk from mothers of four low-birth-weight infants was identified as being deficient in zinc content for the lactational stage. One infant had clinical signs of nutritional zinc deficiency. For two of the three infants with subclinical deficiencies in whom balance study data were available, the apparent zinc balance was negative (-5.7 and -6.0 μmol/kg per day). These milks were examined for content and distribution of zinc, copper, and iron, and citrate concentration. Although total zinc concentration (4.5 to 17.2 μmol/L) was below the 95% prediction interval (15.2 to 59.7 μmol/L) for the lactational stage, the distribution of zinc was normal between milk components. Levels of citrate (1.46 to 5.13 mmol/L) were also within normal limits, as were levels of copper (0.27 to 0.85 μmol/L and iron (0.41 to 1.13 μmol/L). We concluded that there was no indirect evidence of a secretory abnormality in milk zinc deficiency, but speculated that there might instead be an abnormality of zinc uptake by the mammary gland from the plasma.
AB - An abnormally low concentration of zinc in mother's milk has been associated with clinical nutritional zinc deficiency in premature and term newborns. Defective mammary gland secretion of zinc was suggested as the causative factor. We investigated whether low milk zinc concentration might be reflected in an abnormality of the distribution of zinc between casein, whey, and fat components of the milk, in a reduction in the levels of milk citrate, a zinc-binding ligand, or in abnormal levels of copper and iron. Milk from mothers of four low-birth-weight infants was identified as being deficient in zinc content for the lactational stage. One infant had clinical signs of nutritional zinc deficiency. For two of the three infants with subclinical deficiencies in whom balance study data were available, the apparent zinc balance was negative (-5.7 and -6.0 μmol/kg per day). These milks were examined for content and distribution of zinc, copper, and iron, and citrate concentration. Although total zinc concentration (4.5 to 17.2 μmol/L) was below the 95% prediction interval (15.2 to 59.7 μmol/L) for the lactational stage, the distribution of zinc was normal between milk components. Levels of citrate (1.46 to 5.13 mmol/L) were also within normal limits, as were levels of copper (0.27 to 0.85 μmol/L and iron (0.41 to 1.13 μmol/L). We concluded that there was no indirect evidence of a secretory abnormality in milk zinc deficiency, but speculated that there might instead be an abnormality of zinc uptake by the mammary gland from the plasma.
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0024601991&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
C2 - 2718997
AN - SCOPUS:0024601991
VL - 143
SP - 608
EP - 611
JO - JAMA Pediatrics
JF - JAMA Pediatrics
SN - 2168-6203
IS - 5
ER -