TY - JOUR
T1 - A simple prediction score for kidney disease in the Korean population
AU - Kwon, Keun Sang
AU - Bang, Heejung
AU - Bomback, Andrew S.
AU - Koh, Dai Ha
AU - Yum, Jung Ho
AU - Lee, Ju Hyung
AU - Lee, Sik
AU - Park, Sung K.
AU - Yoo, Keun Young
AU - Park, Sue K.
AU - Chang, Soung Hoon
AU - Lim, Hyun Sul
AU - Choi, Joong Myung
AU - Kshirsagar, Abhijit V.
PY - 2012/3
Y1 - 2012/3
N2 - Aim: Screening algorithms for chronic kidney disease have been developed and validated in American populations. Given the worldwide burden of kidney disease, developing algorithms for populations outside the USA is needed. Methods: Using simple, non-invasive questions, we developed a prediction model for chronic kidney disease from national population samples in Korea. The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n = 6565) was used for model development while validation was performed in two independent population samples, internal (n = 2921) and external datasets (n = 8166). Chronic kidney disease was defined as glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min per 1.73 m 2. Results: Seven factors - age, female gender, anaemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and proteinuria - were significantly associated with prevalent chronic kidney disease. Integer scores were assigned to variables based on the magnitude of associations: 2 for age 50-59 years, 3 for age 60-69 years and 4 for age 70 years or older, and 1 for female gender, anaemia, hypertension, diabetes, proteinuria and cardiovascular disease. Based on the Youden index, a value of 4 or greater defined a high risk population with sensitivity 89%, specificity 71%, and positive predictive value 19%, and negative predictive value 99%. The area under the curve was 0.83 for the development set, and 0.87 and 0.78 in the two validation datasets. Conclusion: This prediction algorithm, weighted towards common non-invasive variables, had good performance characteristics in an Asian population, and provides new evidence of the similarity of the algorithms for Western and Eastern populations. Algorithms that predict the presence of CKD in specific populations facilitate patient screening particularly in primary care. These investigators have developed and validated an algorithm for predicting CKD in the Korean population.
AB - Aim: Screening algorithms for chronic kidney disease have been developed and validated in American populations. Given the worldwide burden of kidney disease, developing algorithms for populations outside the USA is needed. Methods: Using simple, non-invasive questions, we developed a prediction model for chronic kidney disease from national population samples in Korea. The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n = 6565) was used for model development while validation was performed in two independent population samples, internal (n = 2921) and external datasets (n = 8166). Chronic kidney disease was defined as glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min per 1.73 m 2. Results: Seven factors - age, female gender, anaemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and proteinuria - were significantly associated with prevalent chronic kidney disease. Integer scores were assigned to variables based on the magnitude of associations: 2 for age 50-59 years, 3 for age 60-69 years and 4 for age 70 years or older, and 1 for female gender, anaemia, hypertension, diabetes, proteinuria and cardiovascular disease. Based on the Youden index, a value of 4 or greater defined a high risk population with sensitivity 89%, specificity 71%, and positive predictive value 19%, and negative predictive value 99%. The area under the curve was 0.83 for the development set, and 0.87 and 0.78 in the two validation datasets. Conclusion: This prediction algorithm, weighted towards common non-invasive variables, had good performance characteristics in an Asian population, and provides new evidence of the similarity of the algorithms for Western and Eastern populations. Algorithms that predict the presence of CKD in specific populations facilitate patient screening particularly in primary care. These investigators have developed and validated an algorithm for predicting CKD in the Korean population.
KW - Asian
KW - chronic kidney disease
KW - epidemiology
KW - public health
KW - screening
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U2 - 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2011.01552.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2011.01552.x
M3 - Article
C2 - 22171932
AN - SCOPUS:84863290991
VL - 17
SP - 278
EP - 284
JO - Nephrology
JF - Nephrology
SN - 1320-5358
IS - 3
ER -