Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) has been linked to fat intake, but the effects of both different dietary fat levels and types remain inconsistent and incompletely characterised. The effects on PCa in the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) cancer model of an elevated fat (20% of energy as fat) diet containing 155g of whole walnuts were compared to those of an elevated fat (20% of energy as soyabean oil) diet with matched macronutrients, tocopherols as well as a low-fat (8% of energy as soyabean oil) diet. Mice, starting at 8 weeks of age, consumed one of the three different diets ad libitum; and prostates, livers and blood were obtained after 9, 18 or 24 weeks of feeding. No differences were observed in whole animal growth rates in either high-fat (HF) diet group, but prostate tumour weight and growth rate were reduced in the walnut diet group. Walnut diet group prostate weight, plasma insulin-like growth factor 1, resistin and LDL were lower at 18 weeks, while no statistically significant prostate weight differences by diet were seen at 9 or 24 weeks. Multiple metabolites in the livers differed by diet at 9 and 18 weeks. The walnut diet's beneficial effects probably represent the effects of whole walnuts' multiple constituents and not via a specific fatty acid or tocopherols. Moreover, as the two HF diets had dissimilar effects on prostate tumour growth rate and size, and yet had the same total fat and tocopherol composition and content, this suggests that these are not strongly linked to PCa growth.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1764-1772 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | British Journal of Nutrition |
| Volume | 108 |
| Issue number | 10 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Nov 28 2012 |
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Keywords
- Chemoprevention
- Fat
- Insulin-like growth factor 1
- Prostate cancer
- Transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate model
- Whole foods
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Medicine (miscellaneous)
- Nutrition and Dietetics
Cite this
A high-fat diet containing whole walnuts (Juglans regia) reduces tumour size and growth along with plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 in the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate model. / Davis, Paul A.; Vasu, Vihas T.; Gohil, Kishorchandra; Kim, Hyunsook; Khan, Imran; Cross, Carroll E; Yokoyama, Wallace.
In: British Journal of Nutrition, Vol. 108, No. 10, 28.11.2012, p. 1764-1772.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - A high-fat diet containing whole walnuts (Juglans regia) reduces tumour size and growth along with plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 in the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate model
AU - Davis, Paul A.
AU - Vasu, Vihas T.
AU - Gohil, Kishorchandra
AU - Kim, Hyunsook
AU - Khan, Imran
AU - Cross, Carroll E
AU - Yokoyama, Wallace
PY - 2012/11/28
Y1 - 2012/11/28
N2 - Prostate cancer (PCa) has been linked to fat intake, but the effects of both different dietary fat levels and types remain inconsistent and incompletely characterised. The effects on PCa in the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) cancer model of an elevated fat (20% of energy as fat) diet containing 155g of whole walnuts were compared to those of an elevated fat (20% of energy as soyabean oil) diet with matched macronutrients, tocopherols as well as a low-fat (8% of energy as soyabean oil) diet. Mice, starting at 8 weeks of age, consumed one of the three different diets ad libitum; and prostates, livers and blood were obtained after 9, 18 or 24 weeks of feeding. No differences were observed in whole animal growth rates in either high-fat (HF) diet group, but prostate tumour weight and growth rate were reduced in the walnut diet group. Walnut diet group prostate weight, plasma insulin-like growth factor 1, resistin and LDL were lower at 18 weeks, while no statistically significant prostate weight differences by diet were seen at 9 or 24 weeks. Multiple metabolites in the livers differed by diet at 9 and 18 weeks. The walnut diet's beneficial effects probably represent the effects of whole walnuts' multiple constituents and not via a specific fatty acid or tocopherols. Moreover, as the two HF diets had dissimilar effects on prostate tumour growth rate and size, and yet had the same total fat and tocopherol composition and content, this suggests that these are not strongly linked to PCa growth.
AB - Prostate cancer (PCa) has been linked to fat intake, but the effects of both different dietary fat levels and types remain inconsistent and incompletely characterised. The effects on PCa in the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) cancer model of an elevated fat (20% of energy as fat) diet containing 155g of whole walnuts were compared to those of an elevated fat (20% of energy as soyabean oil) diet with matched macronutrients, tocopherols as well as a low-fat (8% of energy as soyabean oil) diet. Mice, starting at 8 weeks of age, consumed one of the three different diets ad libitum; and prostates, livers and blood were obtained after 9, 18 or 24 weeks of feeding. No differences were observed in whole animal growth rates in either high-fat (HF) diet group, but prostate tumour weight and growth rate were reduced in the walnut diet group. Walnut diet group prostate weight, plasma insulin-like growth factor 1, resistin and LDL were lower at 18 weeks, while no statistically significant prostate weight differences by diet were seen at 9 or 24 weeks. Multiple metabolites in the livers differed by diet at 9 and 18 weeks. The walnut diet's beneficial effects probably represent the effects of whole walnuts' multiple constituents and not via a specific fatty acid or tocopherols. Moreover, as the two HF diets had dissimilar effects on prostate tumour growth rate and size, and yet had the same total fat and tocopherol composition and content, this suggests that these are not strongly linked to PCa growth.
KW - Chemoprevention
KW - Fat
KW - Insulin-like growth factor 1
KW - Prostate cancer
KW - Transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate model
KW - Whole foods
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84870018639&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84870018639&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1017/S0007114511007288
DO - 10.1017/S0007114511007288
M3 - Article
C2 - 22244053
AN - SCOPUS:84870018639
VL - 108
SP - 1764
EP - 1772
JO - British Journal of Nutrition
JF - British Journal of Nutrition
SN - 0007-1145
IS - 10
ER -